King Midas and the Golden Touch

         Over two thousand years ago there lived one of the richest men on earth-a king whose name was Midas. Midas loved gold more than anything in the world except, of course, his young, blue-eyed, golden-haired daughter. Even when he walked among his rose trees in his garden, he wished he could turn all the roses into gold.           Early one morning a god called Bacchus came to visit Midas in his palace. He came to reward Midas for a favor Midas had performed for him. Bacchus offered to grant King Midas whatever he wanted on earth. King Midas asked that everything he touched might be...

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Rocks

Rocks can be divided into three groups based on their method of information. Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling of igneous rock material. There are two types. There are the extrusive igneous rocks which form when lava cools above the Earth's surface, and the intrusive igneous rocks which form when magma cools below the Earth's surface. Sedimentary rocks are formed by the solidifying of accumulated sediment. They can be clastic sedimentary rocks which are formed from sediment that has been produced by the sedimentary cycle, or non-clastic sedimentary rocks which are formed from chemical or organic deposits. Metamorphic rocks are formed by the action of heat and pressure on pre-existing rocks. There are two types of metamorphic rocks. There are the contact metamorphic rocks formed...

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The True Friendship

       Martin was a very bad boy. He lived in a small town with his dotting mother who would, pamper him a good deal. He was 'given such clothes to wear as no other children had. His mother gave him delicious food to eat and many story books with colorful pictures.         Martin had a boxful of toys which he would refuse to share with his playmates. They would often talk about his easy life and wished they had as many toys as Martin had. All such goodie things had spoilt him and he began to think too much of himself. He would look down upon his friends who did not have nice clothes to wear and lovely toys to play with.         One day his friend Willie said, "Martin, I want to play with that ball of yours. "      ...

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Beetles

      Beetles are insects. They make up one of the biggest groups of insects. There are about 300,000 kinds of beetles. They live everywhere except in the ocean. You can find beetles in the house, in the yard, in the forest, even in ponds.        Like all insects, beetles have six legs. They have two pairs of wings, but they use only the back pair of wings for flying. The front wings are like tough shields. They protect the beetle's body. Some beetles burrow underground. Some swim and dive.         Beetles come in all shapes and sizes. Some are long and thin, others are round. Some...

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Easter Island

Easter Island is in the South Pacific, 3,700 kilometres from the coast of Chile. On the island, there are 600 large statues. We don't know who built them but they were probably constructed between 1150 and 1500. We don't really know why they are there. The Norwegian explorer, Thor Heyerdahl, believed that they were built by people from South America. To prove this, he made a simple raft and sailed there, all the way from Peru. Archaeologists think that the statues represent dead tribal leaders. We don't know why the statues left alone on the island. Perhaps they were killed by disease or war. Perhaps the builders used all the natural resources...

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The Three Sheiks and Queen of Arabia

Maura, who liked to be thought of as the most beautiful and powerful queen of Arabia, had many suitors. 0ne by one she discarded them, until her list was reduced to just three sheiks, all equally young and handsome, rich and strong. It was very hard to decide who would be the best of them. One evening, Maura disguised herself and went to the camp of the three sheiks, as they were about to have dinner, and asked them for something to eat. . The first gave her some leftover food: the second gave her some unappetizing camel's tail: the third sheik, who was called Hakim, offered her some of the most tender and tasty meat. After dinner, the disguised queen left the sheiks' camp. The following day the queen invited the three sheiks to dinner at her palace. She ordered her servants to give each...

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The Minang Kabau House

  The Minangkabau house is the most striking, beautiful and distinctive in Indonesia. The house itself is built on piles and has an oblong shape. The saddle backed roof is formed by a load-bearing ridge-beam artistically. Each roof section ends in a graceful horn-like which sweeps upward to a narrow point, sometimes twice as high as the center of the ridge.        The back part of the family house is divided into small rooms. These are separated from one another by planks, bamboo or clothe and serve as sleeping quarter for the married and marriageable girls. The fore room contains a large fire place and serves as...

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TOURISM IN BALI

      Thousands of tourists go to Bali each year. They like to go on trips for the fun of seeing new and strange things, and .Bali is one of the places where they expect to see them. There are many books on Bali that foreign tourists can buy before they leave their home towns. However, books cannot explain everything to them, so it is a very good idea for them to go to Bali themselves. The island offers them many good things to see. If it did not, people would not go there.      There are many hotels where visitors can stay. The three-hundred-room Bali Beach Hotel is one of them. There are just enough hotels...

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Bees

    Bees are useful insects. There are about 20,000 kinds of bees, but only honeybees make honey.      Honeybees live in  groups called colonies. Each colony has one female queen bee, tens  of thousands  of worker bees,  and a few hundred males, or drones. Honeybees   live in hives. Inside their hive,   the bees make a honeycomb of  wax. The honeycomb   is a kind of bee apartment building,  full of six-sided   rooms  in which  the bees raise young   and store food.      The queen bee lays thousands of eggs. Worm like larvae  hatch...

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Electricity

    Electricity is one of the basic forms of energy. Electricity is associated with electric charge, a property ofcertain elementary particles such as electrons and protons; two of the basic particles that make up the atoms of all ordinary matter. Electric charges can be stationary as in static electricity, or moving as in an electric current.     Electrical activity takes place constantly everywhere in the universe. 'Electrical forces hold molecules together. The nervous systems of animals work by means of weak electric signals transmitted between neurons (nerve celis). Electricity is generated, transmitted, and converted...

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Agricultural Machinery

     Agricultural machinery devices are used to till soil and to plant, cultivate, and harvest crops. Since ancient times, when first culture began cultivating plants, people have used tools to help them grow and harvest crops. They used pointed tools to dig and keep soil loosened, and sharp knife like objects to harvest ripened crops. Modifications of these early implements led to the development of small hand tools that are still used in small-stale gardening, such as the spade, hoe, rake, trowel, and scythe, and larger implements, such as plows and larger rakes that are drawn by humans; animals, or simple machines. Much of...

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The Zoo Job (Funny Story)

     One day a clown 'was visiting the zoo and attempted to earn some money by making a street performance. He acted and mimed perfectly some animal acts. As soon as he started to drive a crowd, a zoo keeper grabbed him and dragged him into his office.       The zoo keeper explained to the clown that the ZOOIS most popular gorilla had died suddenly and the keeper was fear that attendance at the zoo would fall off. So he offered the clown a job to dress up as the gorilla until the zoo could get another one. The clown accepted this great opportunity. So the next morning the clown put on the gorilla suit and entered...

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SOCCER

     The title above might be unfamiliar to you, but if I change it into football, you will know what is meant. It is one of the most popular sports in the world. It is a game played by two teams, each of which consists of eleven players. It is played outdoor on a football pitch. A football match is lead by a referee who is helped by two linesmen.         Traditionally a team consists of a keeper, the last player who defends the goal and, prevents the opponent from scoring goals, two backs in front of the keeper, three centers in the middle of the field, and five forwards who are responsible for scoring...

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Our Newspapers

Nowadays, there is a great number of newspapers published in our country. Almost in each province, we have one or more newspapers published daily. There are two types of newspapers: national and regional newspapers. National newspapers report the news based on what happens in entire country, Regional newspapers report the news from the province or a certain city or town. But, both types of newspapers describe what happens in the country and in other countries. The arrangement of the newspaper usually consists of headlines, editorials, articles, classified ads, sports, and lighter sides. The headlines are usually. important plecesof...

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MAGAZINES

     There are magazines for the general reader as well as for the reader with a special interest. A news magazine gives articles on current events. A digest is a magazine that contains shortened articles from other magazines. Then there are magazines that give the news in pictures rather than in articles. A reader whose special is music may subscribe to a music magazine. It contains articles on music and gives comments on recent musical events. Women may subscribe to a magazine that is specially published for them, which usually contains articles on dressmaking, cooking, flower arranging. and the like., Children, of course....

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Cigarettes, Smokers, and Smoking

     Smoking is bad habit that is very hard to break. Smokers are very everywhere. Many people smoke just to socialized, but many others are too addicted to quit.      A cigarette is like a toxin hypermarket. You can find many kinds toxin in it : acetone, carbon monoxide, tar, arsenic, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, and toluene. The tar itself contains more than 43 substances that can caused cancer. Scientist say that when we are smoking, we put more than 4.000 kinds of toxic materials into our body.       However, many smokers believe that cigarette with low tar is less dangerous. And so is a filtered...

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Ki Semar and Slamet Mountain (Folklore from Central java)

    A long time ago, Slamet Mountain was very high. It was so high that it could reach the sky. People heard that they could take the stars if they were on top of the mountain. But no one dared to go there.      The people were afraid that the Gods in heaven would be angry if people took the stars. However, the beauty of the stars made some monkeys dared to go to the top of the mountain. Led by their king, they went there and took some stars. Then, the sky became dark at night. People were sad and the Gods were angry!.        Batara Guru was the leader of the Gods. He held a meeting. He invited...

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Miser's Final Wish

     There was a man who had worked all of his life and had saved all of his money. He was a real miser when it came to his money. He loved money more than just about anything, and just before he died, he said to his wife, "Now listen, when I die, I want you to take all my money and place it in the casket with me. I wanna take my money to the afterlife."     So he got his wife to promise him with all her heart that when he died, she would put all the money in the casket with him.      Well, one day he died. He was stretched out in the casket, the wife was sitting there in black next to her closest...

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The Olympic Games

     There are various international sports events. Among these events are the Olympic Games. They are the biggest sports event in the world. They are held every four years. Many countries participate in these events. People like to watch them because they want to see the achievements of international athletes.      The first Olympic Games were held in Greece. Running was the only event in these games. They were not very glorious because besides there only being one event, the athletes participating were all men. The winner in these games did not get a medal or money from their country like today. They only got...

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Work and Careers

    Sometimes we say that someone we know is "a square peg in a round hole." This simply means that the person we are talking about is not suited for the job he is doing. He may be a bookkeeper who really wants to be an actor or mechanic who likes cooking. Unfortunately many people in the world are "square peg." They are not doing, for one reason or another. As a result they probably are not doing a very good job and certainly they are not happy.     Choosing the right career is very important. Most of us spend a great part of our life at our jobs. For that reason we should try to find out our talents and how we can use...

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Land Transportation

     Transportation is carrying something or someone from one place to another. It plays an important role in people's mobility. Going to school, the office, business or other activities needs good transportation. If they cannot reach a place on time, they will have many problems.       There are many kinds of transportation. One of them is land transportation. We can use animals (horse), carts, pedicabs or bicycles to go somewhere. These are called traditional transportation. We use these if the distance is not very far. If the place we want to reach is far, we can use modern transportation like motorcycles,...

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TELEVISION in our life

      Today there is television set in almost every house. In some countries, You can choose between as many as forty different channels, some shows only a single type of programs­ news, sport, music, theatre or movies; most shows with different kinds of programs, give the viewer a wide range of entertainment to choose from. In one country, a recent survey showed that the average person spent three and a half hours a day watching television. Housewive were the biggest group of viewers. They spent an average of about five hours a day watching TV while taking care of their children.      For families with children,...

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Students First Days in School Need to Be Made Constructive

       In the past days and weeks schools across Indonesia have been opening up their doors again to receive students entering the new school year. Naturally enough, this has been a time of many trials and tribulations as existing students join new classrooms and new students try to find their way around a new school.        Such times would be difficult enough for even adults. In adult life we need time to adapt to new settings and find our footing and direction to settle in and come to terms with what lies ahead. This kind of experience, difficult enough in adulthood, can prove extremely challenging...

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SOLAR ENERGY

     Solar energy is one great alternative for future energy sources. It is environmentally friendly and is renewable, thus making it an excellent energy source.      According to the United States Environmental Protection Energy (EPA) enough sunlight reaches the earth's surface every year to produce approximately 1,00 times to amount of energy produced by burning all fossil fuels mined and extracted during the same time period.      As with renewable energy system, the initial costs of setting up these solar energy projects is quite expensive. However, the saving on electricity bills in the long-term...

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Pollution

     There are many kinds of pollution. They can be grouped into several major classification, of which we mention here: water pollution, air pollution, noise pollution, and , radiation pollution.      Airpollution is caused by car engines and by big factories with large chimneys through which dirty air escapes.       Land "pollution can be caused by waste or rubbish such a paper, bottles, plastic, alumunium, scraps, junk, etc. Because of our carelessness and laziness, our surroundings are very dirty. They are filled with household as well as factory waste. Some waste can be broken down by natural...

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Folktales - Lebai Malang

     Once upon a time, there was a man who lived on the bank of a river in Central Sumatra. His house lay between two villages. He was a religious teacher. His name was Lebai. He made a living both by teaching people and fishing. He was well-known by all in the two villages.       One day, the richest families in both of the villages were giving a big party. Both of them invited him at the same hour of the same day. On the morning of the feast, Lebai was ready to attend one of the parties in his boat. However, a greedy thought struck him before he went. He could not decide which village to visit first. It was...

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The Old Javanese Song

Java Sluku-sluku Batok Batoke ela elo Si Rama menyang kuto Oleh-olehe payung monto Mak jentit lo lo lo bah Wong mati ora obah Yen Obah medeni bocah Yen urip golek duwit English Scratch your head Shake your head Someone goes to the city The souvenir is a royal umbrella Keep moving or you die The dead can only lie If you want respect Work hard an earn money      Long ago people in Central Java sang the above song, while they were playing under the moon light. It was called 'tembang dolanan'(game song). They were singing while sitting on the ground with their legs straight, while they were moving their feet up and down.  ...

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Technique of Teaching

    The Silent Way is one of the effective language teaching techniques. It is pedagogical approach to language teaching based on the premise that the teacher should be as silent as possible in the classroom (about 90% of the time). The learners, then, are encouraged to produce as much language as possible. They have much time both to be exposed to the language and to perform practice.      The learning hypothesis behind the Silent Way is that learning is facilitated if the learners discover or create rather than remembers and repeats what is to be learned. Also, students learn more effectively through problem solving...

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Keong Emas

     Once upon a time, there was a king of the Antah Berantah Kingdom wishes Dewi Sekartaji became his wife. To do so, he kidnapped her. Fortunately, the God Narada saved Dewi Sekartaji by changing her into a golden snail: Keong Emas. The God told Keong Emas to drift along the river in order to find her husband, Panji Asrnoro Bangun.      One day a poor old widow, Mbok Rondo Dadapan, who always fished along the river, found the golden snail and took it home. There, she put the snail in a jar and took good care of it. All of a sudden, unexpected good things took place in Mbok Rondo's life.     Coming...

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Boxing - sport or spectacles?

     Boxing amongst  other hand to hand fighting, has been with us for thousands of years, Originally it was nothing more than bare fist fighting betWeen'two'wiliing, and sometimes unwilling competitors for  the entertainment of others. Some people argue that it is a relatively safe, disciplined, highly skilled, and technical sport that brings enjoyment and employment toa  great many people: Others claim that  is a dangerous and barbaric spectacle that has no place in the civilized world. This article will explore each side's claim in more detail. It will talk about the damage that can be inflicted when...

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Seeing Hawaii in Cruising Style

      The Hawaiian language is based on five vowels and just seven consonants, but this is more than enough to utter the word "Aloha".       This greeting written out in lights already welcomes those arriving at Honolulu airport, but it is in fact much more than a greeting or farewell.         Aloha means love and well-being and somehow stands for everything that goes to make up the image of Hawaii, from colourful shirts, through flower garlands and grass skirts to coconut bikinis.         Hawaii is the "Aloha State" and the 50th state of the United States of America. A...

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Mount Kosciusko

Mount Kosciusko is actually the highest mountain (2,228 metres) on the world's flattest and smallest continent, Australia. It does not rise up out of the surrounding countryside as do many of Indonesia's spectacular mountains. Elevation gain is minimal and the wide open terrain is scenic. In the winter there is deep snow on the upper parts of the mountain. The mountain is within a national park so no cars are allowed and the vegetation and wildlife is protected. Mt. Kosciusko was named by Polish explorer Paul Strzelecki in 1840. Actually, Australia does have some interesting mountainous terrain, including areas of the Blue Mountains, the crags...

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Nuclear Power

There are three separate sources of haz- ard in the process of  supplying energy by nuclear power. The   radioactive   material   must   travel from is place of  manufacture to the power station. Altough the power stations   them- selves are solidly built, the container used for the transport of the materials are not. There are normally only two methods of transport available, namely road or rail. Unfortunately, both of  these involve close contact withh the general public, since the routes are sure to pass near, or even throught, heavily popu- lated areas. Next, there is the problem       of   waste. All nuclear   power stations produce wastes that in most cases wi‟l remain radioactive for thousand of years, It is impossible...

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Memories in a spin

             Many electronic devices use magnetism to store information, but now researchers at the National Institute for Materials Science, RIKEN and The University of Tokyo have paved the way for a new magnetic  approach that uses less power.         Magnetism is generated by the properties of electrons. These spin on an axis like the Earth, but the direction in which they spin is changeable; in a magnetic material, the spins of most electrons are aligned with each  other. In one particular type of magnetism, electron spins align in a vortex pattern, a state known...

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Planning Lessons

Planning is essential not just individual plans or short term plans but long term plans too. There are many reasons for this, including achieving aims, good timing, covering all skills, giving a variety of tasks and activities, reviewing and giving preparation for exams. Timing is an important aspect so you are not rushing either at the end of individual lessons to complete your daily lesson plan but also in the long term so that all topics have been covered adequately by the end of the term before the exam. Don’t forget to leave enough time for review. As you are planning, check that you are covering all the skills equally and not...

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The grizzly bear

The grizzly bear lives in the uplands of western North America.   Grizlies are normaily solitary active animals ,  but in coastal areas the grizzly bears congregate alongside streams, lakes, and river during the salmon spawn   .   Every   other   year,   the   females (sows) produce one to four young (most commonly two) which are small and weigh only about  500 grams (one pound) . A sow is very protective  of her offsprings and will attack if she is being threatened. Male   grizzly   bears   can   range   from weights of 180 to 680 kilograms (400 - 1,500 pounds)...

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About Eskimoes

       Eskimoes  live in a land where the winters are are long and very cold. During the short summer months,  they  live in perma- nent homes of stone or earth. However, their home are useless when the Eskimoes have to travel great distences to hunt for food. During such periods, they need temporary homes to live in the and the only available materials that the Eskimoes can use are ice and snow.       Given the absence of the usual building materials, the indigenious Eskimoes have learnt to utilize the snow and convert it into a snug, warm shelter called an iglo. In the language of  the...

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Do Women Deserve Higher Education?

The issue we are discussing is whether women need higher education or not. Some people think that there is no use for women to get higher education, for women main role is in their household and surroundings. Thus, knowing about practical household management is sufficient for women to lead their lives. In addition, higher education does not ensure women to get better life, so why bother about this? There are many examples of women who are successful in their lives although they only enjoy average education. They succeed in managing their household, educating their children and participating in community activities. On the other hand,...

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